Z-Wave network overview

Wireless mesh networking technology is applied in the Z-Wave. Mesh networking means that all the nodes can participate in routing data and nodes connect to each other via multiple hops . Mesh network is a "self configuring" network; a new node can be added automatically into network without needing any adjustments. It is also a "self healing" network, since the network automatically finds the fastest and most reliable paths to send data, even if nodes are blocked or lose their signal. Mesh network supports Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) network configurations where wireless signals are intermittently blocked, because the data is able to get around obstacles and reach the destination via other nodes.


The picture gives an example for routing method in the z-wave mesh network. The user in living room want to control the lamp A in the dining room. However the straight transmission is blocked by reflection from the oven in the kitchen. Z-Wave automatically selects an alternative signal route and ensure the command is carried out.

From:http://www.z-wavealliance.com

The Z-Wave network contains two kinds of nodes: controller nodes and slave nodes. Controller nodes are responsible for sending out the commands to other nodes. The routing table is recorded in the controller nodes and kept updated constantly. The primary controller has the capability to include or exclude nodes in the network. The examples of controllers are remotes controllers and internet gateways. Slave nodes reply on and execute the commands. They both can be used for routing data.

Each Z-Wave network has a unique identifier called Home ID to seperate itself from others. The Home ID is a 32 bit unique identifier that is pre programmed in all controller nodes. Each node also has its own unique 8 bits Node ID assigned by the controller.